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Autumn PT cuts will yo‐yo car prices MPs have come to expect Autumn mini‐budgets under both Tory and Labour Government and the Chancellor is unlikely to disappoint them this year. After the 1971 and 1972 give‐away Spring budgets, cynics might be forgiven for thinking that Tony Barber has little left to hand out. Not so; in fact, speculation is growing both at Westminster and in the City that Barber will act in October or November to cut still further the 25% purchase tax rate which came in at midnight on March 21.

Asks on whose behalf the black woman poet in the USA speaks, what type of language she uses and what audience she has. Points out that an earlier lack of tradition meant that originally white styles of language were used and aimed at the white audience. Looks at the rise of the blues era and the “blueswoman”. Considers the work of Phillis Wheatley, Alice Dunbar Nelson, Anne Spencer and Angelina Grimke together with Margaret Walker and singers such as Ma Rainey and Bessie Smith. Finally, outlines the development of a political era and the growing sexual freedom of black women and the impact their writings.

This paper aims to examine the challenges facing new principals in Africa.

Based on recent research and literature, the paper analyses the experience of principals and proposes an induction model for principalship in Africa.

School principals in Africa face a daunting challenge. They often work in poorly equipped buildings with inadequately trained staff. There is rarely any formal leadership training and principals are appointed on the basis of their teaching record rather than their leadership potential. Induction and support are usually limited.

The paper provides an overview of the limited literature and research on new principals in Africa and develops a grounded conceptualisation of their role.

The Audit Commission has recently published a report on the role of housing in community care — an often‐forgotten piece of the community care jigsaw. The message for housing, social services and health professionals is clear: ignore the housing dimension of community care at your peril.

BECAUSE national governments will not assist finance company research outside their own borders, the only machinery for R & D between firms in the EEC lies with the multinationals. Now EUROPMI, the federation of medium and small firms is trying to foster more R & D co‐operation within the community. When British small firms participate, it would be satisfying to think that they had the backing of their local library co‐operative, to support them with ready provision of research documentation. EUROPMI are at 66a rue Joseph II, 1040 Brussels.